Most of the people suffers from back pain. 90% of American suffering from back pain.it is second most disease after common cold. Back pain is not disease; it is symptom may occur from different process.

Back Pain

CAUSES FOR BACK PAIN:

  • common cause for back pain is injury to the muscles, bones nerves of the spine

  • degeneration of the vertebral bones, discs known as lumbar spondylosis. Spondylosis occurs due to loosing moisture in central portion of the disc known as nucleus pulposum.

  • disc herniation: nerve root syndromes are those that produce nerve compression due to herniation /bulging of the disc developed due to degeneration, or over strain or due to injury. Disc prolapsed pushes against the nerve root.

  • Infections of the spine ex osteomylitis, tb spine

  • Cauda equine syndrome: It is a medical emergency where the spinal cord is directly compressed. This causes possible loss of sensation, paralysis, bladder dysfunction.

  • Congenital anomalies ex scoliosis, defect in spine curvature, spina bifida.

  • ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS.

  • Tumors of the Spine

OTHER CAUSES WHICH REFERS BACK PAIN

  • Pregnancy

  • Kidney Stones

  • Endometriosis

  • Pelvic Inflammatory diseases

RISK FACTORS FOR BACK PAIN

  • Age above 50 yrs, as age advances degeneration of discs will be there, causes back pain

  • People who do not exercise.

  • Over strain like lifting weights, bending , sitting for long hours.

  • Smoking

  • Over Weight or Obesity.

  • People who do not maintain proper posture in their daily activities.

  • People who do not take proper diet like low calcium low Vitamin-D.

  • Women after child birth/ pregnancy

  • Menopause

SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS OF BACK PAIN

  • Pain in lower portion of the spine

  • Pain may radiate down the front back of the leg due herniated disc. this condition called as sciatica pain. This condition called as radiculopathy

  • Numbness in leg.

  • In severe compression of spinal cord /spinal canal stenosis neurological symptoms seen this condition called as myelopathy

  • Myelopathy we see paralysis of the limb, bladder dysfunction leads to incontinence of urine and stool

  • Difficulty in walking

MANAGEMENT IN CHRONIC BACK PAIN

  • Avoid overstrain like lifting weights, bending forward

  • Maintaining good posture during daily activities

  • Avoid travelling for long distances

  • Wearing lumbo sacral belt which gives support to the back

  • Applying hot cool pads over the pain area.

  • Taking proper diet rich in vitamin c d, calcium, vitamin b12 , omega 3 fatty acids.

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